| Adélaïde Labille-Guiard (1749 - 1803) | | French painter |
| Georges Lacombe (1868 - 1916) | | French painter and sculptor |
| Charles-François Grenier de Lacroix (c. 1700 - 1782) | | French painter |
| Pieter van Laer (1599 - after 1642) | | Dutch Golden Age painter of genre scenes |
| Nicolas Lagneau (after 1590 - 1666) | | Frtench draftsman |
| Johan Lagoor (c. 1620 - after or in 1660) | | Dutch painter |
| Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée (1725 - 1805) | | French painter |
| Gerard de Lairesse (1641 - 1711) | | Dutch Golden Age painter and art theorist |
| Jan Baptist Lambrechts (1680 - after 1731) | | Dutch painter |
| Christoph Jacobsz. van der Lamen (c. 1606 - c. 1651/52) | | Flemish painter |
| Eugene Lami (1800 - 1890) | | French painter and lithographer |
| Nicolas Lancret (1690 - 1743) | | French painter, draftsman, and collector |
| Edwin Landseer (1802 - 1873) | | English painter |
| Jasper van der Lanen (between 1590 and 1595 - ?) | | Dutch painter |
| Dirk Langendijk (1748 - 1805) | | Dutch draughtsman, painter and printmaker |
| Jan Willemsz. Lapp (active 1625-1636) | | Dutch painter |
| Willem Joseph Laquy (1738 - 1798) | | German painter |
| Nicolas de Largilliere (1656 - 1746) | | French painter and draftsman |
| William Larkin (c. 1580 - 1619) | | |
| Claes Pietersz. Lastman (c. 1586 - 1625) | | Dutch painter |
| Pieter Lastman (1583 - 1633) | | Dutch painter, teacher of Rembrandt |
| Filippo Lauri (1623 - 1694) | | Italian painter |
| John Lavery (1856 - 1941) | | |
| Jacques-Adrien Lavieille | | |
| Thomas Lawrence (1769 - 1830) | | English painter |
| Ernest Lawson (1873 - 1939) | | American painter |
| Edward Lear (1812 - 1888) | | British painter, printmaker, and author |
| Henri Lebasque (1865 - 1937) | | |
| Albert Lebourg (1849 - 1928) | | French painter |
| Remigius van Leemput (1607 - 1675) | | Flemish painter, copyist, collector and dealer, active in England |
| Willem van Leen (1753 - 1825) | | Dutch painter, printmaker, and dealer |
| Alphonse Legros (1837 - 1911) | | French and British etcher, painter, and sculptor |
| Wilhelm Leibl (1844 - 1900) | | German painter and printmaker |
| Charles Leickert (1816 or 1818 - 1907) | | Belgian painter |
| Frederic Leighton (1830 - 1896) | | English painter and sculptor |
| Walter Leistikow (1865 - 1908) | | German painter, etcher, and decorative artist |
| Adriaan de Lelie (1755 - 1820) | | Dutch painter |
| Cornelis Lelienbergh (c. 1620 - in or after 1680) | | Dutch painter |
| Pieter Lely (1618 - 1680) | | Dutch painter and draftsman, active in England |
| Leon Jules Lemaitre (1850 - 1905) | | French artist |
| François Lemoyne (1688 - 1737) | | French painter |
| Franz von Lenbach (1836 - 1904) | | German painter |
| Nicolas-Bernard Lepicie (1735 - 1784) | | French painter |
| Stanislas Lepine (1835 - 1892) | | French painter |
| Paulus Lesire (1611 - in or after 1654) | | Dutch painter |
| Gotthold Ephraim Lessing | | |
| Jacobus Leveck (1634 - 1675) | | Dutch painter |
| John Frederick Lewis (1805 - 1876) | | British painter, printmaker |
| Aertgen van Leyden (1498 - 1564) | | Netherlandish painter |
| Lucas van Leyden (1494 - 1533) | | Dutch printmaker, painter, and draftsman |
| Judith Leyster (1609 - 1660) | | Dutch painter |
| Leon Lhermitte (1844 - 1925) | | French painter and printmaker |
| Max Liebermann (1847 - 1935) | | German painter, draftsman, and printmaker |
| Jan Lievens (1607 - 1674) | | Dutch painter, who shared a studio with rembrandt at the beginning of their careers. |
| Jan Andrea Lievens (1644 - 1680) | | Dutch painter |
| Hendrik van Limborch (1681 - 1759) | | Dutch painter |
| Abraham Lincoln (1809 - 1865) | | 16th President of the United States (1861-1865) |
| Johannes Lingelbach (1622 - 1674) | | German painter, active in the Netherlands and Italy |
| Hendrik Frans van Lint (1684 - 1763) | | Flemish painter |
| Pieter van Lint (1609 - 1690) | | Flemish painter |
| Jean-Etienne Liotard (1702 - 1789) | | Swiss painter |
| Filippino Lippi (ca. 1457 - 1504) | | Italian painter |
| Fra Filippo Lippi (c. 1406 - 1469) | | Italian painter |
| Johann Liss (ca. 1597 - 1631) | | German painter, printmaker, and draftsman |
| Dirck van der Lisse (1607 - 1669) | | Dutch painter |
| Andrea Locatelli (1695 - 1741) | | Italian painter |
| Stefan Lochner | | |
| John Locke (1632 - 10) | | English philosopher and physician |
| Harmen Loeding (ca. 1637 - in or after 1673) | | Dutch artist |
| Luigi Loir (1845 - 1916) | | French painter, illustrator, and scenographer |
| Gustave Loiseau (1865 - 1935) | | French painter |
| Lambert Lombard (1506 - 1566) | | Flemish painter, draftsman, and architect |
| Pietro Longhi (1701 - 1785) | | Venetian painter and draftsman |
| Charles Amédée Philippe van Loo (1719 - 1795) | | French painter |
| Charles-André van Loo (1705 - 1765) | | French painter and printmaker |
| Jacob van Loo (1614 - 1670) | | Dutch Golden Age painter |
| Jean Baptiste van Loo (1684 - 1745) | | French painter |
| Louis-Michel van Loo (1707 - 1771) | | French painter |
| Jac van Looij (1855 - 1930) | | Dutch painter, draftsman, and writer |
| Bicci di Lorenzo (1373 - 1452) | | Italian painter |
| Anthonie de Lorme (c. 1600/1610 - 1673) | | Netherlandish painter |
| Claude Lorrain (1600 or 1604/5 - 1682) | | French painter and draftsman, active in Italy |
| Johann Carl Loth (1632 - 1698) | | German painter, active in Italy |
| Lorenzo Lotto (ca. 1480 - 1556) | | Italian painter |
| Christoffel Lubienietski (1659 - 1729/49) | | Polish painter, active in the Netherlands |
| Maximilien Luce (1858 - 1941) | | French painter and printmaker |
| Bernardino Luini (ca. 1480/85 - 1532) | | Italian painter and draftsman |
| Gerrit Lundens (1622 - after 1683) | | Dutch painter |
| Jacob Lutma | | |
| Johannes Lutma the Elder (1587 - 1669) | | Dutch silversmith |
| Isaac Luttichuys (1616 - 1673) | | Dutch painter |
| Simon Luttichuys (1610 - 1661) | | Dutch Golden Age still life painter |